Primary Ovarian Small Cell Carcinoma of Pulmonary Type: Analysis of 6 Cases and Review of 31 Cases in the Literatures / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective Primary ovarian small cell carcinoma of pulmonary type (SCCOPT) is a rare ovarian tumor with a poor prognosis. The platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment. However, there is little research on the clinical characteristics of SCCOPT and the potential benefits of other treatments due to its low incidence. The study aims to investigate clinicopathological characteristics and treatment of SCCOPT.Methods We summarized the clinical, imaging, laboratorical and pathological characteristics of 37 SCCOPT cases, in which 6 cases were admitted to the Gansu Provincial Hospital from the year of 2008 to 2022 and 31 cases reported in 17 English and 3 Chinese literatures.Results The median age of the studied SCCOPT cases (n=37) was 56.00 (range, 22-80) years. Almost 80% of them had a stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ tumor. All patients underwent an operation and postoperative chemotherapy. Nevertheless, all cases had a poor prognosis, with a median overall survival time of 12 months. Immunohistochemically, the SCCOPT of all patients showed positive expressions of epithelial markers, such as CD56 and sex-determining region of Y chromosome-related high-mobility-group box 2 (SOX-2), and negative expressions of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, vimentin, Leu-7, and somatostatin receptor 2. The tumor of above 80% cases expressed synaptophysin. Only a few cases expressed neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin A, and thyroid transcription factor-1. Conclusions SCCOPT had a poor prognosis. SOX-2 could be a biomarker to be used to diagnose SCCOPT.

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of ovarian metastases in rectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Rectal cancer is the most common tumor of digestive tract. For female patients, ovarian metastasis ranks the second place in intraperitoneal organ metastasis. Its symptoms are occult, easily missed and insensitive to systemic treatment, so the prognosis is poor. Surgery is the treatment of choice for patients with rectal ovarian metastases, whether R0 resection is possible or not, and reducing tumor load is associated with better prognosis. With the continuous development of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), tumor reduction can reach the cellular level, which can significantly improve survival. Prophylactic ovariectomy remains a controversial issue in patients at high risk of ovarian metastasis. In this review, we summarize the diagnosis, treatment and prevention strategies of rectal cancer ovarian metastases, hoping to provide some reference for clinical practice.

Tratamiento de tumores malignos epiteliales de ovario en estadios avanzados. Experiencia del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires / Treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian tumor. Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires experience

Resumen El cáncer de ovario ocupa el tercer lugar en frecuencia entre los cánceres ginecológicos en Argentina. Existe un déficit de información de esta enfermedad en nuestro país respecto al tratamiento y evolución oncológica de las pacientes. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue evaluar los resultados perioperatorios y oncológicos, en pacientes con tumor epitelial de ovario con estadios avanzados. Presentamos una cohorte retrospectiva en la que se evaluó la supervivencia libre de enfermedad y la supervivencia global en pacientes con tumores epiteliales de ovario tratadas en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires entre junio del 2009 a junio del 2017. De 170 pacientes incluidas en el estudio, 72 (42.4%) fueron tratadas con una cirugía de citorreducción primaria (CCP), mientras que 98 (57.6%) recibieron neoadyuvancia y luego cirugía del intervalo (CI). La tasa de citorreducción óptima fue de 75% y de 79% respectivamente. No se encontraron diferencias en los resultados perioperatorios, ni en las complicaciones graves entre ambos grupos. La mediana de SLE en el grupo de CCP fue de 2.5 años (IC 95% 1.6-3.1) mientras que en el grupo de CI fue de 1.4 (IC 95% 1.2-1.7) p < 0.001. La mediana de supervivencia global fue de 5.8 años en CCP, y de 3.5 años en CI. En pacientes adecuadamente seleccionadas la CCP presenta mejores resultados oncológicos a la neoadyuvancia y CI. La selección correcta de las pacientes para tratamiento primario es fundamental para definir la conducta terapéutica.

Abstract Ovarian cancer represents the third gynecological cancer in frequency in Argentina. There is a lack of information on this pathology in our country regarding the treatment and evolution of patients who suffer it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perioperative and oncological results in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian tumor. We present a retrospective cohort in which we evaluated disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian tumor treated at the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires between June 2009 and June 2017. Of 170 patients included in the study, 72 (42.4%) received primary debulking surgery (CCP), while 98 (57.6%) received neoadjuvant therapy and interval surgery (CI). The optimal cyto-reduction rate was 75% and 79% respectively. No differences were found in perioperative outcomes, or in severe complications between the two groups. The median disease-free survival in the CCP group was 2.5 years (95% CI 1.6-3.1) while in the CI group it was 1.4 (95% CI 1.2-1.7) p < 0.001. The median overall survival was 5.8 years in CPP, and 3.5 years in CI. Faced with a meticulous selection by a group of experts, patients with advanced ovarian cancer treated with CCP present better oncological results than those who received neoadjuvant therapy and CI.

Ovarian metastasis from colorectal adenocarcinoma / Metástase ovariana de adenocarcinoma colorretal

Introduction: Ovarian metastases of gastrointestinal origin, also called Krukenberg tumors, have a guarded prognosis. Physicians need to look for alternatives in diagnosis and treatment for this clinical condition in order to improve the outcome of the patients. Objectives: To report the experience of the authors in the treatment of these patients, and to perform a review of the literature on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis for ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer. Methods: We collected clinical information regarding the patients treated for ovarian metastasis from colorectal adenocarcinoma at our coloproctology service, and performed a search on the PubMed database using the terms colorectal cancer, ovarian metastasis, Krukenberg tumor and surgery. Conclusion: Large abdominal tumors are the most frequent presentation of ovarian metastasis from colorectal cancer. The diagnosis is based on a histopathological analysis, levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), and immunohistochemical studies for the cytokeratin 20 (CK20), caudal-type homeobox 2 (CDX2) and vilina markers. Citoreductive surgical procedures are the most promising approach to treatment, with the highest impact on overall survival. The prognosis is negatively influenced by the extent of the metastasis, by citoreductive surgical procedures with persistence of macro- or microscopic foci of the disease, and by low scores on the general well-being index of the patient. (AU)

Introdução: As metástases ovarianas de tumores gastrointestinais, também chamadas de tumores de Krukenberg, são neoplasias de prognóstico reservado. Exigem conhecimento de alternativas diagnósticas e terapêuticas para garantir melhora da sobrevida das pacientes. Objetivos: Relatar a experiência dos autores no tratamento dessas pacientes, e fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre a epidemiologia, apresentação clínica, diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico das metástases ovarianas do câncer colorretal. Métodos: Foi realizada uma coleta de informações clínicas de pacientes tratados por metástases ovarianas de adenocarcinoma colorretal em nosso serviço de coloproctologia, em conjunto com uma pesquisa na base de dados PubMed com os termos colorectal cancer, ovarian metastasis, Krukenberg tumor, e surgery. Conclusão: Volumosas massas abdominais constituem a principal apresentação clínica da doença. As alternativas diagnósticas incluem a avaliação histopatológica, a identificação dos níveis de antígeno cárcino-embriônico (ACE) e de antígeno de câncer 125 (CA-125), e exame imunoistoquímico de espécimes cirúrgicos para os marcadores citoqueratina 20 (CK20), homeobox 2 do tipo caudal (CDX2), e vilina. O tratamento citorredutor completo demonstrou o maior impacto na sobrevida dos pacientes. O prognóstico é influenciado negativamente pela extensão da doença metastática, por cirurgia citorredutiva com persistência focos microscópicos ou macroscópicos da doença, e baixo escore de índice de bem-estar geral do paciente. (AU)

Ex vivo retrieval of mature oocytes for fertility preservation in a patient with bilateral borderline ovarian tumor / Recuperação ex vivo de oócitos maduros para preservação da fertilidade em paciente com tumor ovariano borderline bilateral

Abstract We report a case of ultrasound-guided ex vivo oocyte retrieval for fertility preservation in a woman with bilateral borderline ovarian tumor, for whom conventional transvaginal oocyte retrieval was deemed unsafe because of the increased risk of malignant cell spillage. Ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins was performed. Surgery was scheduled according to the ovarian response to exogenous gonadotropic stimulation; oophorectomized specimens were obtained by laparoscopy, and oocyte retrieval was performed ~ 37 hours after the ovulatory trigger. The sum of 20 ovarian follicles were aspirated, and 16 oocytes were obtained.We performed vitrification of 12 metaphase II oocytes and 3 oocytes matured in vitro. Our result emphasizes the viability of ex vivo mature oocyte retrieval after controlled ovarian stimulation for those with high risk of malignant dissemination by conventional approach.

Resumo Relatamos um caso de obtenção ex vivo de óvulos, guiada por ultrassonografia, para preservação da fertilidade em uma mulher com tumor ovariano borderline bilateral, para quem a recuperação transvaginal convencional foi considerada insegura, devido ao aumento do risco de disseminação de célulasmalignas. Foi realizada estimulação ovariana com gonadotrofinas. A cirurgia foi agendada de acordo com a resposta ovariana à estimulação gonadotrófica exógena; após ooforectomia por laparoscopia, ~ 37 horas após a maturação folicular, procedeu-se à recuperação extracorpórea de oócitos. Umtotal de 20 folículos ovarianos foi aspirado e 16 complexos cumulus foramobtidos, resultando na vitrificação de 12 oócitos maduros e de 3 oócitos imaturos amadurecidos in vitro. Nosso resultado enfatiza a viabilidade da recuperação ex vivo de oócitos maduros após estimulação ovariana controlada para mulheres com alto risco de disseminação maligna pela captação oocitária realizada convencionalmente pela via transvaginal.

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor of the ovary: A case report with a new modality of treatment and review of the literature

Abstract Objective Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare intraabdominal neoplasm that grows along serosal surfaces and is primarily found in young men. To Keywords date, only 16 cases of ovarian DSRCT have been previously reported in women in the English literature, and no large population-based studies on this topic exist. Case Report We report the case of a 19-year-old virgo with unremarkable past medical history, initially presented with abdominal fullness. After being treated with the optimal treatment modality (primary and secondary surgical debulking, unique chemotherapy, protocol and adjuvant radiotherapy), the patient has remained without tumor disease for 40 months. Conclusion Although the best therapy for patients with DSRCT has yet to be determined, combining complete surgical resection, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiotherapy is required to prolong survival and to achieve proper quality of life.

Ovarian sertoli-leydig cell tumors: epidemiological, clinical and prognostic factors / Tumores de células de Sertoli-Leydig ovarianos: fatores epidemiológicos, clínicos e prognósticos

Abstract Objective To describe a series of cases of ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs). Methods Retrospective review of 12 cases of SLCT treated at the Hospital do Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, state of São Paulo, Brazil, between October 2009 and August 2017. Results The median age of the patients was 31 years old (15-71 years old). A total of 9 patients (75.0%) presented symptoms: 8 (66.7%) presented with abdominal pain, 5 (41.7%) presented with abdominal enlargement, 2 (16.7%) presentedwith virilizing signs, 2 (16.7%) presented with abnormal uterine bleeding, 1 (8.3%) presented with dyspareunia, and 1 (8.3%) presented with weight loss. The median preoperative lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was 504.5 U/L (138-569 U/L), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was 2.0 ng/ml (1.1-11.3 ng/ml), human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) was 0.6 mUI/ml (0.0-2.3 mUI/ml), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was 0.9 ng/ml (0.7-3.4 ng/ml), and cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) was 26.0 U/ml (19.1-147.0 U/ml). All of the tumors were unilateral and surgically treated. Lymphadenectomy was performed in 3 (25.0%) patients, but none of the three patients submitted to lymphadenectomy presented lymph node involvement. In the anatomopathological exam, 1 (8.3%) tumor was well-differentiated, 8 (66.7%) were moderately differentiated, and 3 (25.0%) were poorly differentiated. A total of 5 (55.6%) tumors were solid-cystic, 2 (22.2%) were purely cystic, 1 (11.1%) was cystic with vegetations, and 1 (11.1%) was purely solid, but for 3 patients this information was not available. The median lesion size was 14.2 cm (3.2-23.5 cm). All of the tumors were at stage IA of the 2014 classification of the International Federation ofGynecology andObstetrics (FIGO). A total of 2 (16.7%) patients received adjuvant treatment; 1 of themunderwent 3 cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin every 21days, and the other underwent 4 cycles of ifosfamide, cisplatin and etoposide every 21 days. None of all of the patients had recurrence, and one death related to complications after surgical staging occurred. Conclusion Abdominal pain was the most frequent presentation. There was no ultrasonographic pattern. All of the SLCTs were at stage IA, and most of them were moderately differentiated. Relapses did not occur, but one death related to the surgical staging occurred.

Resumo Objetivo Descrever uma série de casos de tumores de células de Sertoli-Leydig (TCSLs) ovarianos. Métodos Revisão retrospectiva de 12 casos de TCSL tratados no Hospital de Câncer de Barretos entre outubro de 2009 e agosto de 2017. Resultados A mediana de idade foi 31 anos (15-71 anos). Um total de 9 pacientes (75,0%) apresentaram sintomas: 8 (66,7%) apresentaram dor abdominal, 5 (41,7%) apresentaram aumento abdominal, 2 (16,7%) apresentaram virilização, 2 (16,7%) apresentaram sangramento uterino anormal, 1 (8,3%) apresentou dispareunia, e 1 (8,3%) apresentou emagrecimento. A mediana de desidrogenase láctica (DHL) foi 504,5 U/L (138-569 U/L), alfafetoproteína (AFP) foi 2,0 ng/ml (1,1-11,3 ng/ml), gonadotrofina coriônica humana (β-hCG) foi 0,6 mUI/ml (0,0-2,3 mUI/ml), antígeno carcinoembrionário (CEA) foi 0,9 ng/ml (0,7-3,4) ng/ml, e antígeno cancerígeno 125 (CA-125) foi 26,0 U/ml (19,1-147,0 U/ml), todos pré-operatórios. Todos os tumores foram unilaterais e tratados cirurgicamente. Realizou-se linfadenectomia em 3 (25,0%) pacientes, por em, nenhuma das tr^es apresentou acometimento linfonodal. No exame anatomopatológico, 1 tumor (8,3%) era bem diferenciado, 8 (66,7%) eram moderadamente diferenciados, e 3 (25,0%) eram pouco diferenciados. Um total de 5 (55,6%) tumores eram sólido-císticos, 2 (22,2%) eram puramente císticos, 1 (11,1%) era cístico com vegetações, e 1 (11,1%) era puramente sólido, mas para 3 pacientes estas informações não estavam disponíveis. A mediana da dimensão da lesão foi 14,2 cm (3,2-23,5 cm). Todos os tumores eram estádio IA de acordo com a classificação de 2014 da Federação Internacional de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (FIGO, na sigla em inglês). Duas (16,7%) pacientes receberam adjuvância; uma realizou 3 ciclos de paclitaxel e carboplatina a cada 21 dias, e a outra 4 ciclos de ifosfamida, cisplatina e etoposide a cada 21 dias. Dentre todas as pacientes, nenhuma apresentou recidiva e houve um óbito relacionado a complicações após estadiamento cirúrgico. Conclusão Dor abdominal foi a apresentação mais frequente. Todos os TCSLs eram estádio IA e a maioria era moderadamente diferenciada. Não ocorreram recidivas, mas ocorreu um óbito relacionado ao estadiamento cirúrgico.

Aspectos anatómicos y técnicos de la cirugia de citorredución de cáncer de ovario en abdomen superior / Anatomical and technical aspects of debulking surgery for ovarian cancer in the upper abdomen

RESUMEN El Cáncer de Ovario Epitelial es la novena causa de cáncer en la mujer y la neoplasia ginecológica más letal en países desarrollados. La mayoría de las pacientes son diagnosticadas en etapa avanzada de la enfermedad debido a la ausencia de síntomas específicos. La cirugía y la quimioterapia cumplen un rol fundamental en el tratamiento de esta enfermedad. En pacientes con enfermedad avanzada (estadios III - IV) al momento del diagnóstico, la extirpación de todo tumor macroscópico (citorreducción óptima) ha demostrado ser el factor pronóstico más importante, demostrando un beneficio tanto en tiempo libre de enfermedad como en sobrevida global. Nuestro objetivo es describir, desde una perspectiva multidisciplinaria, los aspectos técnicos más relevantes de la citorreducción del abdomen superior para aquellas pacientes con neoplasias de origen ginecológico.

ABSTRACT Epithelial Ovarian cancer is the ninth most frequent cancer in women and the most lethal gynecologic malignancy in developed countries. The majority of patients are diagnosed in advanced stage of the disease due to the lack of specific symptoms. Surgery and systemic treatment play a key role in the treatment of this disease. For those patients with advanced stage at the time of diagnosis (III - IV), removal of all macroscopic disease (optimal cytoreduction) has been shown as the most important prognostic factor, demonstrating improvement not only in progression free survival but also in overall survival. Our aim is to describe, in a multidisciplinary fashion, the most relevant aspect about oncological debulking procedures in the upper abdominal cavity for women with gynecological malignancies.

Acute Abdomen Secondary to Ruptured Epithelial Ovarian Cancer during Pregnancy: The Relevance of Teamwork / Abdome agudo secundário à ruptura do câncer do ovário epitelial durante a gravidez: a importância do trabalho em equipe

Abstract Acute abdomen secondary to epithelial ovarian cancer rupture during pregnancy is a rare event. Our aim is to present how the work of a coordinated multidisciplinary team in a case of ruptured epithelial ovarian cancer during pregnancy is feasible to obtain the best results possible. A 34-year-old woman during the 37th week of her first gestation presented with an acute abdomen. During laparotomy, a ruptured 16.5-cm left ovarian tumor was detected; the tumor was extirpated and sent to pathologic evaluation. In the meantime, a Kerr cesarean section was performed, and a healthy female neonate was born. The tumor was diagnosed as a cystadenocarcinoma; therefore, the family and the combined surgical team (obstetricians and a surgical oncologist) decided to complete a definitive radical ovarian cancer surgery: hysterectomy, right salpingooophorectomy, lymphadenectomy, omentectomy and appendectomy. The patient's postoperative evolution was uneventful, and she was sent to adjuvant chemotherapy.

Resumo O abdome agudo secundário à ruptura do câncer do ovário epitelial durante a gravidez é um evento raro. Nosso objetivo é apresentar como o trabalho de uma equipe multidisciplinar coordenada em um caso de ruptura do câncer de ovário epitelial durante a gravidez é viável para obter os melhores resultados possíveis. Umamulher de 34 anos de idade, durante a 37a semana de sua primeira gestação, apresentou um abdome agudo. Durante a laparotomia, foi detectado um tumor ovariano esquerdo com ruptura de 16,5 cm; O tumor foi extirpado e enviado para avaliação patológica. Enquanto isso, uma cesariana de Kerr foi feita, e uma recém-nascida saudável nasceu. O tumor foi diagnosticado como um cistoadenocarcinoma; então, a família e a equipe cirúrgica combinada (obstetras e oncologista cirúrgico) decidiram concluir uma cirurgia radical definitiva do câncer de ovário: histerectomia, salpingo-ooforectomia direita, linfadenectomia, omentectomia e apendicectomia. A evolução pós-operatória da paciente foi sem intercorrências, e ela foi enviada para quimioterapia adjuvante.

[Effect of valproic acid on Expression of Bim gene and viability of ovarian cancer cell line A2780]

Background and Objective: Ovarian cancer is the fifth common cancer among women and the number of new cases is increasing. Valproic acid is a histone deacetylase inhibitor effectively used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disease. Recently, this compound has attracted attention as an anti-cancer agent. Bim is one of the most important genes of mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, and it plays an important role in the biology of cancer. Expression of this gene is greatly reduced in ovarian cancer. This study was done to evaluate the effect of valproic acid on the viability of ovarian cancer cells, apoptosis and Bim gene expression in A2780 line

Methods: In this experimental study, the human ovarian cancer cells [A2780] were grown in RPMI-1640 medium in appropriate culture conditions. The cells were treated by various concentrations valproic acid [1-30 mM] and were incubated for 24, 48 and 72 hours. After the incubation of period, cell viability was investigated using MTT. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow-cytometry method in the cells were treated by valproic acid. The Real time PCR test was used to assess the effect of this drug on the expression of Bim gene

Results: The results of MTT assay showed that valproic acid reduced the viability of A2780 cells, and this effect was time and dose-dependent. The reduction of cell viability at 30 mM concentration and 72 hours after treatment, was maximum and statistically significant [P<0.05]. Exposure to valproic acid significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells [P<0.05]. Also, Valproic acid significantly increased the expression of Bim [P<0.05]

Conclusion: Valproic acid reduced viability in ovarian cancer cell line A2780. Valproic acid increased cell death by altering the expression of genes involved in apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell lineA2780

Epidemiological overview, advances in diagnosis, prevention, treatment and management of epithelial ovarian cancer in Mexico / Panorama epidemiológico, avances diagnósticos, prevención, tratamiento y manejo de cáncer ovárico epitelial en México

Abstract The epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has been underdiagnosed because it does not have a specific clinical presentation, and the signs and symptoms are similar to the irritable bowel syndrome and pelvic inflammatory disease. EOC is less common than breast and cervical cancer, but it is more lethal. On the whole, EOC has an early dissemination to peritoneal cavity, which delays a timely diagnosis and increases the rate of advanced diagnosed disease. The diagnosis usually surprises the women and the primary care physician. Therefore, it is necessary to count on prevention and early diagnosis programs. EOC has 80% response to surgical treatment, but nearly 70% of the patients may relapse in five years. The objectives of this document are presenting a summary of the EOC epidemiology and comment about advancements in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this cancer. That will raise awareness about the importance of this disease.

Resumen El cáncer ovárico epitelial (COE) ha sido subdiagnosticado debido a que no tiene presentación clínica específica y a que los signos y síntomas son similares al síndrome de colon irritable y a la enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica. Es menos común que el cáncer de mama o el cervicouterino, pero es más letal. En general, tiene diseminación temprana a cavidad peritoneal, lo cual retrasa un pronóstico oportuno e incrementa la tasa de diagnóstico de enfermedad avanzada. Usualmente, el diagnóstico sorprende a la mujer y al médico de primer contacto. Entonces, es necesario contar con programas de prevención y diagnóstico temprano. El COE tiene 80% de respuesta quirúrgica, pero cerca de 70% de las pacientes puede recaer en cinco años. Los objetivos de este documento son presentar un resumen de la epidemiología del COE y comentar los avances en prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de este cáncer. Esto despertará la conciencia acerca de la importancia de esta enfermedad.

ASGO's Fourth Biennial Meeting, November 12th to 14th, 2015 / 부인종양

No abstract available.

Identification of high-affinity VEGFR3-binding peptides through a phage-displayed random peptide library / 부인종양

OBJECTIVE: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) interaction with its receptor, VEGFR-3/Flt-4, regulates lymphangiogenesis. VEGFR-3/Flt-4 expression in cancer cells has been correlated with clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and lymphatic invasion. The objective of this study is to identify a VEGFR-3/Flt-4-interacting peptide that could be used to inhibit VEGFR-3 for ovarian cancer therapy. METHODS: The extracellular fragment of recombinant human VEGFR-3/Flt-4 (rhVEGFR-3/Flt-4) fused with coat protein pIII was screened against a phage-displayed random peptide library. Using affinity enrichment and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening, positive clones of phages were amplified. Three phage clones were selected after four rounds of biopanning, and the specific binding of the peptides to rhVEGFR-3 was detected by ELISA and compared with that of VEGF-D. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses of ovarian cancer tissue sections was undertaken to demonstrate the specificity of the peptides. RESULTS: After four rounds of biopanning, ELISA confirmed the specificity of the enriched bound phage clones for rhVEGFR-3. Sequencing and translation identified three different peptides. Non-competitive ELISA revealed that peptides I, II, and III had binding affinities for VEGFR-3 with Kaff (affinity constant) of 16.4+/-8.6 microg/mL (n=3), 9.2+/-2.1 microg/mL (n=3), and 174.8+/-31.1 microg/mL (n=3), respectively. In ovarian carcinoma tissue sections, peptide III (WHWLPNLRHYAS), which had the greatest binding affinity, also co-localized with VEGFR-3 in endothelial cells lining lymphatic vessels; its labeling of ovarian tumors in vivo was also confirmed. CONCLUSION: These finding showed that peptide III has high specificity and activity and, therefore, may represent a potential therapeutic approach to target VEGF-VEGFR-3 signaling for the treatment or diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology International Workshop 2014 / 부인종양

The Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology International Workshop 2014 on gynecologic oncology was held in Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea on the 23rd to 24th August 2014. A total of 179 participants from 17 countries participated in the workshop, and the up-to-date findings on the management of gynecologic cancers were presented and discussed. This meeting focused on the new trends in the management of cervical cancer, fertility-sparing management of gynecologic cancers, surgical management of gynecologic cancers, and recent advances in translational research on gynecologic cancers.

Linfoma B difuso de células grandes en ovario: presentación de un caso / Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the ovary: a case report

El linfoma B difuso de células grandes es un linfoma no Hodgkin de fenotipo B y gran agresividad, con una diseminación a ovario del 7 por ciento. Su presentación de forma primaria en ovario es muy poco común, representando el 0,5 por ciento de todos los linfomas no Hodgkin y el 1,5 por ciento de todos los tumores de ovario. En este caso se presenta una paciente con clínica de dolor y distensión abdominal con una masa pélvica palpable, estableciéndose posteriormente el diagnóstico de linfoma B difuso de células grandes bilateral de ovario. En determinadas situaciones resulta complicado diferenciar el origen primario o secundario de la neoplasia. Los linfomas primarios localizados en ovario tienen un mejor pronóstico que los secundarios diseminados a ovario cuyo pronóstico es más sombrío. Sin embargo la mayoría de los casos publicados están basados en tratamiento quimioterápico previo a la era de rituximab.

The diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a highly aggressive phenotype B non-Hodgkin lymphoma which is characterized by 7 percent dissemination in the ovary. Its presentation in primary form in the ovary is very uncommon and accounts for 0.5 percent of all lymphomas. In this case, the patient presents symptoms of pain and abdominal strain with a palpable pelvic mass and a post-diagnosis of bilateral diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the ovary. In certain situations, it is complicated to differentiate between the primary and secondary origin of the neoplasia. The primary lymphomas located in the ovary have a better prognosis than secondary lymphomas whose prognosis is more uncertain. However, the majority of published cases are subjected to chemothe-rapeutic treatment prior to rituximab.

Struma ovarii maligno / Malignant Struma ovarii

O "Struma ovarii" é um tumor ginecológico raro, sendo de malignização e metástases incomuns. Constituído predominantemente por tecido tireoideano, apresenta maior incidência aos 50 anos. Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente de 41 anos com história prévia de teratoma tratado, que desenvolve dor pélvica e tumoração abdominal. Operada, concluiu-se tratar de "Struma ovarii" maligno com metástases. Após a radioablação com I-131, encontra-se sob controle clínico. Apesar de sua raridade, o "Struma ovarii" possui bom prognóstico, devendo ser lembrado no diagnóstico diferencial dos tumores ovarianos.